Sunday, December 12, 2010

没有主角的和平奖音乐会 - BBC

 
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诺贝尔和平奖音乐会12月11日深夜在奥斯陆曲终人散,这是诺贝尔委员会为期三天的官方活动的最后一个节目。

音乐会举行之前我曾经询问主办方的发言人,晚上是否为刘晓波作任何特别安排,得到的答案是:“没有”。

但到了现场才发现,主办方早有部署。

自从1994年开始,挪威诺贝尔委员会每年都在和平奖颁奖礼之后举行音乐会,为当年的和平奖得主庆祝,并传播和平的声音。

今年的音乐会由美国演员安妮·海瑟薇(Anne Hathaway)和丹素·华盛顿(Danzel Washington)主持,并邀请了九位来自世界各地的著名歌手表演。

音乐会一开始,会场两侧的大屏幕就播出过去几天奥斯陆发生的、要求释放刘晓波的示威活动片段。

向刘晓波致敬
华盛顿解释了刘晓波无法亲临现场的原因,并对此表达遗憾。华盛顿说:“今夜,我们向您的勇气以及献身人权的精神致敬,在场1600名观众都支持您。”

他的话音刚落,全场立刻响起了热烈的掌声,持续一分钟。

大会接着又播放了诺贝尔和平奖得主、缅甸反对派领袖昂山素季在12月10日发给诺贝尔委员会的视频短片,她用英语呼吁大家继续关注民主。

由于刘晓波在狱中曾透过刘霞表示,希望能在和平奖仪式听到儿童的表演,大会特别安排挪威青年弦乐团为他演奏一曲。

大约两个多钟头的音乐会进行到一半的时候,会场中央落下大屏幕,播放了刘晓波自从六四以来的画面,两位主持人介绍他做过的事情。

海瑟薇和华盛顿又语带伤感地且背诵“我没有敌人—我的最后陈述”的摘要。

英国爵士乐队Jamiroquai Jamiroquai主音Jay Kay献唱完后特别叮嘱了一句:“今晚当大家就寝的时候,请惦记着这个人。”

事实上,这并非第一次和平奖得主缺席为其举行的音乐会,美国总统奥巴马去年就没有出席。

但是由于刘晓波身份的特殊性,加上主办方的上述节目编排,让音乐会渗透出丝丝的伤感。

和平奖音乐会曲终人散,但是围绕着刘晓波获奖的风波却继续掀起一圈圈的涟漪,不断向外扩散。

Saturday, December 11, 2010

蘋論:空凳是人權的缺席,也是對人權的等待 – (李怡)

 
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http://nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1405

蘋論:空凳是人權的缺席,也是對人權的等待 – (李怡) – 2010年12月11日

一個位於北歐、人口不到 500萬的小國,一百多年來每年遴選一位對世界和平有傑出貢獻的人物。在全球各大國環伺,政治、經濟、軍事紛紛施加影響及壓力之下,就憑着人民所信賴的評選委員會對普世價值的堅持,由於選出的絕大多數獲獎者實至名歸、深得全球大多數人的認同,而建立這個不僅被認為是殿堂級、甚至被認為是上帝級的獎項。環顧百多年世界各國設立多如牛毛的獎項,沒有一個及得上這小國的堅持。向這獎項吐唾沫的人,唾沫只會回落到自己臉上。

昨天,一年一度的頒獎禮,放上了一張空凳。空凳的簡單意義,是得獎人缺席。因頒發的是和平獎,故獲獎者的缺席,即意味他所屬國家的和平缺席。

和平,與人權有重要而直接的關係。當人民過着無自由的奴隸生活,在暴力壓抑下的「和平」就不是真正和平,而是「同而不和」的小人的「和諧」。因此,空凳的另一象徵意義,是獲獎者所屬國家的人權缺席。

如果世人對這個國家的和平與人權的缺席仍有懷疑的話,那麼頒獎禮前當局一系列的嚴控、監視、斷手機、斷網絡、逼外遊,甚至禁止 6人以上聚餐等嚴重侵犯人民權利的法西斯壓制,就自我證實這個國家的和平與人權正正是一張空凳。

一張空凳,也象徵着真話在這個國家的缺席。外交部發言人姜瑜說,有 100多個國家與組織表示支持中方的立場。但她沒有把國家與組織分開來說,究竟有多少是國家,多少是組織,它們的名字能否公開?這些國家與組織在中國壓力下不參加頒獎禮,是基於利害考慮還是支持中共的高壓政策?

幾乎全人類都看到這張空凳,只有獲獎者所屬國家的十三億人看不到空凳,因此這個國家人民的知情權,也是一張空凳。

頒獎禮以女高音的歌聲拉開序幕,這首挪威作曲家 Edvard Grieg所寫的名曲《 Solveig’s Song》,由易卜生填詞,歌詞說,冬去春來夏秋又至,一年過去,「但我知道你會回來」,「你會發現我在等你」,「你孤身上路」,但「上帝會賜你力量」。這歌聲,不謀而合地表達人們對劉曉波獲釋的期待,頒獎禮隨後讀出劉曉波〈我沒有敵人──我的最後陳述〉一文中,他說:「我對未來自由中國的降臨充滿樂觀的期待,因為任何力量也無法阻攔心向自由的人性欲求,中國終將變成人權至上的法治國」。這段話賦予那首歌新的意義:「我」是指中國人民,而「你」則是指自由、法治、人權。「我知道你會回來」,因為上帝會賜「不自由毋寧死」的自由以力量。

在諾獎主席亞格蘭( Thorbjorn Jagland)的致辭多次引起歷久不息的掌聲,尤其他說一定要釋放劉曉波的時候。小提琴家張萬鈞演奏中國歌曲《茉莉花》《彩雲追月》和英國作曲家 Edward Elgar的《愛的禮讚》。《彩雲追月》是中共早年的革命作曲家任光的作品:「一樣的相思/一樣的離愁/日復一日,年復一年/親人啊親人我在盼/盼望相見的明天。」

劉曉波在他的陳述中,談到他與妻子劉霞的愛情:「我在有形的監獄中服刑,你在無形的心獄中等待,你的愛,就是超越高牆、穿透鐵窗的陽光……讓我始終保有內心的平和、坦蕩與明亮……而我對你的愛,充滿了負疚和歉意,有時沉重得讓我腳步蹣跚。……」《彩雲追月》像是對二人高貴愛情的頌歌。

《茉莉花》是被意大利歌劇家普契尼選作歌劇《杜蘭朵》主旋律的中國民歌。「好一朵茉莉花,滿園的花開賽不過它。……」是不是也意味着它是自由民主的鮮花呢?

挪威演員 Liv Ullmann讀出劉曉波的陳詞,她說:「我期待我的國家是一片可以自由表達的土地……,在這裏,不同的價值、思想、信仰、政見……既相互競爭又和平共處;……在這裏,所有的政見都將攤在陽光下接受民眾的選擇,每個國民都能毫無恐懼地發表政見……我期待,我將是中國綿綿不絕的文字獄的最後一個受害者,……」

筆者對中國政治的改進本不抱希望。然而,受諾貝爾和平獎的刺激,中國的內政外交已發展到荒謬卑鄙近乎瘋狂的地步了。基於物極必反的原理,恐怕也不能排除有一個審慎樂觀的期待吧。而諾獎的刺激,說不定正是對中國政改的激勵。
放上獎狀的空凳,也象徵對中國人權的等待。

Friday, December 10, 2010

Peace prize: Some stand with jailed laureate...


When the celebrated American violinist Lynn Chang was invited to perform at today’s Nobel Peace Prize ceremony, he asked for 24 hours to think about it.

Tweet 0diggsdiggYahoo! Buzz ShareThis The 2010 peace laureate, Chinese human rights activist Liu Xiaobo, is currently serving an 11-year prison sentence for “subverting state power,” and neither he nor his wife was allowed to travel to Oslo to accept the prize. A regime that will lock a man up because he advocates peaceful democratic reform and freedom of expression is likely to have few scruples about lashing out at anyone who honors that man. So while Chang, whose father immigrated to America in 1949, was “thrilled and honored” to be invited to the Nobel ceremony, he was also aware that there might be repercussions: The Chinese government could bar him from visiting relatives still living in China, for example. Or it could forbid Chinese music students from studying at the schools with which Chang is affiliated, which include Harvard, MIT, Boston University, and the Boston and New England conservatories.

But when Chang consulted with family members and school officials, he says, the near-unanimous consensus was: “Absolutely, you should do this.’’ And so, to his credit and to theirs, Chang is performing in Oslo. He will be doing more than paying tribute to the absent Liu. He will also be conveying the esteem of some of Boston’s renowned institutions of learning, which had to choose between standing with Liu or with his jailers, and made the right choice.

Boston Globe Editorial

美 籍 華 裔 小 提 琴 家 張 萬 鈞 為 劉 曉 波 演 奏

2010-12-10 HKT 20:39

諾 貝 爾 和 平 獎 頒 獎 禮 正 在 挪 威 首 都 奧 斯 陸 舉 行 。 會 場 放 了 一 張 空 椅 , 象 徵 在 獄 中 無 法 領 獎 的 劉 曉 波 。

美 籍 華 裔 小 提 琴 家 張 萬 鈞 , 演 奏 《 茱 莉 花 》 、 《 彩 雲 追 月 》 及 《 愛 的 禮 讚 》 , 以 表 達 劉 曉 波 同 劉 霞 之 情 。

諾 貝 爾 委 員 會 主 席 亞 格 蘭 致 詞 , 讚 揚 劉 曉 波 致 力 在 中 國 爭 取 人 權 , 對 他 無 法 親 自 領 獎 感 到 遺 憾 , 但 亞 格 蘭 認 為 , 頒 獎 給 他 是 有 需 要 同 合 適 。 在 他 發 言 期 間 , 全 場 多 次 鼓 掌 。

诺贝尔委员会:刘晓波没做任何错事




诺贝尔委员会:刘晓波没做任何错事 BBC

颁奖现场为刘晓波设置空出的座椅
在挪威首都奥斯陆举行的诺贝尔和平奖颁奖仪式结束,中国再次表态,反对任何人、任何国家利用诺贝尔和平奖干涉中国内政,侵犯中国司法主权。

在周五(12月10日)举行的颁奖仪式上,诺贝尔委员会主席亚格兰德强调,今年的和平奖得主刘晓波并没有做错任何事,他所做的不过是行使公民权利要求民主。

中国一直反对诺贝尔委员会将和平奖颁发给在狱中服刑的刘晓波,称他是“罪犯”。

中国外交部发言人姜瑜周五还说,挪威诺贝尔委员会的决定不能代表世界大多数人,特别是广大发展中国家的意愿。

刘晓波因“颠覆国家政权罪”被中国当局判处11年徒刑。

公民权

亚格兰德说,诺贝尔奖的意义从来不是要冒犯任何人。诺贝尔委员会也是希望借此表达人权、民主和权利之间的关系。

他说:“相当重要的一点是提醒世界,我们现在享有的广泛权利,都是由那些冒着巨大危险的人奋斗争取来的。”

“他们冒着风险为他人、为我们所有的人而奋斗,这就是为什么今天刘晓波应该有我们的支持。”

亚格兰德在讲话中还强调刘晓波所一直坚持的和平理念。

他说刘晓波在“六四”学生民主运动期间就提倡非暴力。

他还呼吁中国应该有面对批评的勇气。

亚格兰德说,中国的宪法保障基本人权,赋予公民言论自由、结社自由和示威自由。

“中国宪法第41条讲明,公民有权对国家机构提出批评和意见。”

“刘晓波只不过行使了他的公民权利,他没有做错任何事。他应该获得释放!”

亚格兰德的呼吁受到颁奖仪式现场人士全体起立鼓掌。

Nobel Peace Prize winner Liu Xiaobo









OSLO, Norway—Clapping solemnly, dignitaries in Norway celebrated this year's Nobel Peace Prize winner, imprisoned Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo, with an empty chair.

Tweet 0diggsdiggYahoo! Buzz ShareThis Friday's ceremony was the first time in 74 years the prestigious $1.4 million award was not handed over, because Liu is serving an 11-year sentence in China on subversion charges for urging sweeping changes to Beijing's one-party communist political system.

China was infuriated when the 54-year-old literary critic won, describing the award as an attack on its political and legal system. Authorities have placed Liu's supporters, including his wife Liu Xia, under house arrest to prevent anyone from picking up his prize.

In Beijing, both CNN and BBC TV went black at 8 p.m. local time, exactly when the Oslo ceremony was taking place. Security outside Liu's apartment in Beijing was heavy and several dozen journalists were herded away by uniformed police to a cordoned-off area.

The last time a Nobel Peace Prize was not handed out was in 1936, when Adolf Hitler prevented German pacifist Carl von Ossietzky from accepting his award.

China has also pressured foreign diplomats to stay away from the Nobel ceremony. China and 17 other countries have declined to attend, including Russia, Pakistan, Iran, Venezuela and Cuba. At least 46 of the 65 countries with embassies in Oslo accepted invitations. Serbia, which previously said it would stay away, announced Thursday it would now attend.

Some 1,000 guests, including ambassadors, royalty and other VIPs took their seats in Oslo's modernist City Hall for the two-hour ceremony, among them U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and U.S. Ambassador Barry White. About 100 Chinese dissidents in exile and some activists from Hong Kong were also attending.

Chinese dissident Wan Yanhai, the only one on a list of 140 activists in China invited by Liu's wife to attend the ceremony, said the jubilation felt by many at Liu's honor will be tinged with sadness.

"I believe many people will cry, because everything he has done did not do any harm to the country and the people in the world. He just fulfilled his responsibility," Wan told The Associated Press. "But he suffered a lot of pain for his speeches, journals and advocacy of rights."

Wan managed to travel to Oslo because he fled to the United States in May after Chinese authorities increased their harassment of his AIDS advocacy group.

Before the ceremony, 2,000 schoolchildren gathered outside city hall in a display of appreciation for Liu. Some handed letters to Norwegian Nobel Committee Chairman Thorbjoern Jagland, hoping he could convey their greetings to the jailed laureate.

Jagland said awarding the prize to Liu was not "a prize against China," and he urged Beijing that as a world power it "should become used to being debated and criticized."

Outside Parliament, the Norwegian-Chinese Association held a pro-China rally with a handful of people proclaiming the committee had made a mistake in awarding the prize to Liu.

The Nobel Peace prize can be collected only by the laureate or close family members. Cold War dissidents Andrei Sakharov of the Soviet Union and Lech Walesa of Poland were able to have their wives collect the prizes for them. Myanmar democracy activist Aung San Suu Kyi's award was accepted by her 18-year-old son in 1991.

The ceremony in Oslo will be followed by a torchlight parade through Oslo's streets and a banquet hosted by Norwegian King Harald and Queen Sonja.

In the Swedish capital of Stockholm, the other Nobel laureates were to be honored in a separate ceremony Friday. Winners in literature, physics, chemistry and economics will received their awards from Sweden's King Carl XVI Gustaf, followed by another lavish dinner.

In Berlin, Chancellor Angela Merkel's spokesman noted that Friday is International Human Rights Day and said the German government will continue to press for Liu's release.

"It is fitting that, on just this day, in Liu Xiaobo a man is being honored with the Nobel Peace Prize who has worked courageously for political freedom and human rights," Christoph Steegmans said. Germany "regrets that Liu Xiaobo was not allowed to take part personally in the award ceremony."

On Thursday, about 100 protesters chanting "Freedom to Liu! Freedom for China!" marched to the Chinese Embassy in Oslo but were thwarted by police from delivering a petition with more than 100,000 signatures urging Liu's release from prison. Boston Globe